Types of Food Processing
What is Food Processing?
Food
processing includes traditional processes (heat treatment, fermentation,
pickling, smoking, drying, curing) and state-of-the-art processes
(pasteurization, ultraheat treatment, high-pressure treatment, or packaging in
a protective atmosphere).
Types of processes:
The following are different types of Methods of Food
Processing and Preservation:
- Canning
Food is
heated to high temperatures. This process is known as pasteurization. The food
is then stored in sealed cans. See the infographic showing how to process
canned tomatoes.
fermentation Decomposition of sugar by
bacteria, yeast, or other microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. This means
that the process does not require oxygen (except for the oxygen contained in
sugar).
- Fermentation
Fermentation
is used especially for the production of alcoholic beverages such as wine,
beer, and cider, and for the preservation of foods such as sauerkraut, dry
sausages, and yogurt, but also for growing dough in bread making.
- Freezing
Reduces food
temperature below 0 ° C to reduce the activity of harmful bacteria. This
process can be used to store most foods such as fruits, vegetables, meat, fish,
and ready-made meals.
- Modified
atmosphere packaging
Packing in a
protective atmosphere The air in the package is replaced with a protective gas
mixture. Protective gas mixtures often contain oxygen, carbon dioxide, and
nitrogen. These gases are also present in the air we breathe. They help extend
the shelf life of fresh foods, usually fruits, vegetables, meat, and meat
products, and seafood.
- Pasteurization
Food is heated and then cooled rapidly to kill
microorganisms. For example, raw milk may contain harmful bacteria that cause
food poisoning. Cooking (at home) or pasteurizing (on a large scale) is important for safe
consumption. Apart from dairy products, pasteurization is widely used in the
storage of canned foods, juices, and alcoholic beverages.
- Smoking
The process
of heating and chemical treatment of food to store it exposed to smoke from
burning substances such as wood. Smoked foods are usually meat, sausages, fish,
or cheese.
- Additives
Food
additives play an important role in maintaining the freshness, safety, taste,
appearance, and texture of processed foods. Food additives are added for
specific purposes, such as to ensure food safety or to maintain food quality
during the shelf life of a product. For example, antioxidants prevent fats and
oils from giving off a foul odor, and preservatives prevent or reduce the
growth of microorganisms (such as mold on bread). Emulsifiers are used, for
example, to improve the texture of mayonnaise and prevent salad dressings from
separating into oil and water.
For more
articles on food Marketing, agrotech, and technology related to the Indian food
industry, check out FMTmagazine. FMT Magazine is an edition of the
German publication. It is a comprehensive food and beverage magazine that
connects the buyers and the sellers through content that is of international
quality. The magazine over the entire spectrum of the food industry including
content on policies. FMT Magazine stands for Food Marketing & Technology
Magazine. The magazine carries articles on ingredients, processing, packaging,
food safety, and marketing, along with interviews with top personalities in the
Indian food industry.
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